Fructus Gardeniae P.E
Gardenia jasminoides, ext.
CAS: 92457-01-7
Molecular Formula:
Fructus Gardeniae P.E - Names and Identifiers
Fructus Gardeniae P.E - References
| Plant source: | Gardenia |
| plant source | gardenia extract is the fruit of the Rubiaceae plant gardenia. Gardenia, also known as Mu Dan, Yue Tao, Mountain Gardenia, Huang Gardenia. First published in "Shen Nong's Materia Medica". Harvest when the fruit is red and yellow in autumn, remove impurities from the fruit stalks, blanch it in boiling water or steam it in a steamer to the air, take it out, dry or dry it. It is the first batch of dual-use resources for medicine and food issued by the Ministry of Health. It has the functions of protecting liver, choleretic, lowering blood pressure, sedation, hemostasis, and swelling. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is often used to treat jaundice hepatitis, sprain, hypertension, diabetes and other diseases. The above information is edited and sorted by Zhang Qian. |
| chemical composition | the fruit of gardenia mainly contains iridoids, organic acids, pigments and triterpenoids. 1. The iridoids are mainly: geniposide, hydroxyisoniposide, geniposide. 2. Organic acids are mainly chlorogenic acid. 3. The main pigments are: crocin. 4. Triterpenoids are mainly: ursolic acid. |
| character identification | fruit is oval or oval, 1.5cm long and 1~1.5cm in diameter. The surface is red-yellow or brown-red, with 6 winglike longitudinal edges, and there is often an obvious longitudinal vein between the edges and branches. Sepals remaining at the top, slightly pointed at the base, with residual fruit stalks. The peel is thin and brittle, slightly shiny; the inner surface is lighter, shiny, with 2~3 raised false diaphragms. Seeds numerous, flat ovoid, clumped, crimson or reddish-yellow, densely with small verrucous protrusions on the surface. The gas is slight, the taste is slightly sour and bitter. It is better to have complete seeds, full seeds and orange red color (Figure 1). fig. 2 shows gardenia. |
| microscopic identification | seeds: the cross section is oblate, one side is slightly convex, the outer seed coat is a row of stone cells, nearly square, the inner wall and side wall are significantly thickened, the cell cavity is obvious, containing brown-red substance and yellow pigment. The inner seed coat is decadent compressed parenchyma cells, endosperm cells are polygonal, and the center is 2 flat cotyledon cells, which are filled with aleurone grains. Powder (yellowish brown or reddish brown): ① the pericarp stone cells are rectangular, the pericarp fibers are long fusiform, about 115 μm in length and about 10 μm in diameter, often staggered and arranged obliquely. (2) the seed coat stone cells are polygonal, rectangular or irregular, up to 232 μm in length, 60~110 μm in diameter, with wall thickness, large pores and brown-red cell cavities. (3) Crystal-containing cells are round or polygonal, with a diameter of 17~31 μm and a wall thickness. The cell cavity contains calcium oxalate square crystals with a diameter of about 8 μm. ④ The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystal is 8~33 μm, which is found in mesocarp parenchyma cells. Figure 2 shows the shape of gardenia 1. seed coat stone cells 2. endocarp stone cells 3. endocarp fibers 4. calcium oxalate square crystals 5. calcium oxalate cluster crystals 6. pericarp epidermal cells 7. bundle sheath fibers 8. endosperm cells. |
| physical and chemical identification | (1) take 0.2g of this product powder, add 5ml of water, heat in a water bath for 3min, filter, take 5 drops of filtrate, evaporate in an evaporating dish, add 1 drop of sulfuric acid, then show blue-green, quickly turn brown, and then turn purple-brown. (2) take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of 75% ethanol, soak in a water bath for 2h, filter, and use the filtrate as the test solution. In addition, geniposide reference substance is taken and ethanol is added to prepare a 4 mg/ml solution as the reference substance solution. Absorb 5 μl of each of the above two solutions and point them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate respectively. Expand with ethyl acetate-acetone-formic acid-water (5:5:1:1), spray with sulfuric acid ethanol solution (5 → 10), and bake at 110 ℃ for about 10min. The test sample chromatography shows spots of the same color at the corresponding position to the reference substance chromatography. |
| pharmacological action | 1. effect on digestive system (1) liver protection effect: gardenia can reduce liver injury caused by CCl4, reduce degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, and restore glycogen and ribonucleic acid content accumulated in liver cells. Gardenia jasminoides gavage can reduce or normalize the elevated glutamic pyruvic transaminase and bilirubin diphosphate-glucuryl transferase activity in the ligated common bile duct animals, and increase the reduced liver diphosphate-glucose dehydrogenase activity. (2) effects on bile secretion, excretion and metabolism: gardenia has choleretic effect. Its alcohol extract and crocin, crocin and Crocin can increase bile secretion. People take gardenia decoction, can make the gallbladder contraction, has the effect of promoting bile excretion. Gardenia water and alcohol extract can reduce the content of bilirubin in the blood of rabbits with ligated common bile ducts, which seems to promote bilirubin metabolism. (3) effects on gastric juice secretion and gastrointestinal motility: gnipetin given to duodenum can reduce gastric juice secretion in pyloric ligated rats. Intravenous injection of dehydroxygeniposide or geniposide can inhibit spontaneous gastric peristalsis and pilocarpine-induced gastric contraction in rats. Gardenia alcohol extract can excite small intestine movement in rats and rabbits. 2. Effect on the central nervous system Intraperitoneal injection of gardenia alcohol extract in mice can reduce spontaneous activity, has a sedative effect, and has a synergistic effect with cyclohexobarbital sodium, which can prolong sleep time and reduce body temperature. Gardenia jasminoides water extract, dehydroxygeniposide and niperidin can inhibit acetic acid writhing reaction in mice, so it is considered to have analgesic effect. 3. Effects on the cardiovascular system Gardenia decoction and alcohol extract have a blood pressure lowering effect on anesthetized or unanesthetized cats, rabbits, and rats, regardless of oral or intravenous administration. Gardenia extract can reduce myocardial contractility. Gardenia decoction can slow down heart rate and dilate blood vessels. 4. Anti-inflammatory effect Gardenia extract can obviously inhibit xylene-induced swelling of mouse ear shell and formaldehyde-induced swelling of foot and plantar, and has obvious therapeutic effect on soft tissue injury of mice and rabbits. 5. antibacterial effect gardenia has inhibitory effect on staphylococcus aureus, meningococcus, catacoccus, etc. Gardenia jasminoides aqueous extract has inhibitory effect on various fungi in vitro. The water decoction has the effect of killing Leptospira and Schistosoma adults. 6. other effects gardenia can make the blood flow of pancreas, liver, stomach and small intestine recover in the early stage of pancreatitis, of which the recovery of pancreatic blood flow is the most obvious. Gardenia can slow down the ATP interpretation process in mouse red blood cells, resulting in insufficient energy supply. |
| clinical research | 1. antipyretic effect: gardenia decoction has antipyretic effect after oral administration. Its effect is similar to that of Scutellaria baicalensis and Coptis chinensis, which is mainly the result of inhibiting fever center. 2. Sedative effect: Animal tests have proved that gardenia water extract and alcohol extract have significant sedative effect both orally and injected. 3. antihypertensive effect: gardenia water extract and alcohol extract have antihypertensive effect, and its action time is longer. 4. choleretic effect: animal experiments have proved that gardenia water extract and alcohol extract have significant choleretic effect. It can inhibit the production of bilirubin in the blood. After ligating the common bile duct of rabbits, oral gardenia extract will significantly reduce the bile pigment in the blood, and the larger the dosage, the more significant the effect. 5. antibacterial effect: in vitro tests proved that gardenia extract has inhibitory effect on dysentery bacillus, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. It also has an inhibitory effect on some skin fungi. 6. Hemostatic effect: Gardenia has hemostatic use. The hemostatic effect of raw gardenia is stronger than Jiao Gardenia, and it is mostly used for heat syndrome hemorrhage. 7. Accelerate wound healing: The ointment and alcohol extract made of gardenia extract can accelerate the healing of soft tissue wounds. 8. Anticancer effect: Animal experiments have proved that gardenia has the effect of inhibiting ascites cell tumor. 9. Insecticidal effect: Gardenia decoction can kill schistosome adults and Leptospira in vitro. In addition, it has the effects of laxative, diuresis, and anti-inflammatory. |
| function and indications | discharge fire to remove troubles, clear heat and diuresis, cool blood and detoxify. It is used for fever upset, jaundice, red urine, bloody pain, blood heat, bleeding, red eyes, swelling and pain, fire toxin sores; external treatment for twisting and pain. Jiao Gardenia cold blood to stop bleeding. Used for blood heat vomiting, urine bleeding. Gardenia charcoal astringent hemostasis. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:42:48
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Product Name: Gardenia extract Visit Supplier Webpage Request for quotationCAS: 92457-01-7
Tel: +86-(0)731-84213302
Email: sales@staherb.cn
Mobile: +86 13875855783
QQ: 484702402
WhatsApp: +86 18374838656
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